long soak with water, using bleach, a quick burst of steam, scoring the paper? No two wallpapers are the same so take a moment to experiment on a small section and discover which technique works best i.e. The wetter the better until it ruins the wall- tricky. If you have plaster that can take a little water use a gardeners pump sprayer and keep welting the paper from the top. So, if you have a small job of 1-3 rooms rent the steamer if you have to do an entire house buy the steamer and maybe sell it at the end of the day.ĭefinitely put a little washer machine fabric softener into the steamer The rental steamers are better constructed and produce steam more efficiently however, a low end steam works fine especially if you have a little more time because you do not need to get the steamer back to Home Depot. Wallpaper Steamers rent for approximately $35.00-$45.00 per day an inexpensive steamer from Amazon is approximately $80.00. If is a struggle to get off try a different approach like soaking the paper with water, scoring it, scrape harder! One you figured out which technique works best for which paper repeat ! Remember the next room will have a different type of paper.Ī word about renting vs purchasing a steamer. steam to release the paste and then move down. The sweet spot is just enough heat and water i.e. You will quickly get a sense for how this is going to go. For example place the steam iron at the top of the wall and let the steam penetrate and attempt to slowly peel the corner of the paper away from the wall-wall - let gravity do the work for you. It is your job to access the type of paper and try different techniques to see which works best. The Age of the wallpaper will effect how it comes off- generally older papers hold together better when peeling off and newer papers will tear at the least amount of resistance. Paper is water permeable so moisture usually gets it off the wall. Vinyl which is more likely found in kitchens and bathrooms will come off fairly easy in large strips. Wallpaper can range from near 100% vinyl to 100% paper to 100% cloth and 1000 variations in-between. The walls and paste are fairly consistent from location to location, however the wallpaper is not. Again, never use bleach in a steamer! It is a serious health issue. In general, commercial / retail wallpaper remover solutions or Additives are not very effective or no more effective than a 10% beach solution of using a cap full of fabric softener mixed with water. I have found that the type of paper is more of a problem than the paste. There are some paste paper combinations that will not come off so just expect to dig into the wall a little and fix it later but first try different additives, or steam or water. Most paste will loosen up with steam and a little fabric softener or one of the brands of wallpaper remover. The paste used 40 years ago was applied with a brush and was something that looked like you used in kindergarten 40 years ag0. Watch out for soaking the wallboard - but if you do there is always mud to repair it. I have not found the wallpaper perpetrator, a tool that creates hundreds of tiny holes in the wallpaper for the steam to reach the glue to be that effective. With wallboard, short exposure to steam works best and it is usually a good idea to score the wallpaper in order to allow the steam underneath the wallpaper. The problem occurs when too much water is used and the wallboard paper casing gets too wet and falls apart. Wallboard presents a different problem in that the original paper hanger likely used a fair amount of paste in order to adhere new wallpaper to the wallboard paper casing.
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One of a baseball scout's main criteria when scouting a prospect is how fast he throws a four seam fastball. The four seam fastball is widely regarded as the main key to advancing to the next level of play. With this grip, the thumb will generally have no seam on which to rest. The thumb then rests underneath the ball about in the middle of the two fingers. Keeping those seams parallel to the body, the pitcher places his index and middle fingers perpendicular to them with the pads on the farthest seam from him. The first and most traditional way is to find the horseshoe seam area, or the area where the seams are the farthest apart. Two general methods are used to throw a four-seam fastball. It was clocked at 105.1 miles per hour.ĪpChapman lit up the stadium radar gun at 106 MPH (the TV-reading had his pitch at 105 MPH, and the pitchF/X reading was actually 102.4 MPH). The fastest pitch recognized by Major League Baseball (MLB) was on September 25, 2010, at Petco Park in San Diego by then-Cincinnati Reds left-handed relief pitcher Aroldis Chapman. It is often perceived as the fastest pitch a pitcher throws, with recorded top speeds above 100 mph. This type of fastball is intended to have minimal lateral movement, relying more on its velocity. The pitch is used often by the pitcher to get ahead in the count or when he needs to throw a strike. The four-seam fastball is the most common variant of the fastball. ( June 2017) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. This section's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. Lateral motion is achieved by holding a four-seam fastball off-center (a " cut fastball"), and sinking action with a lateral break is thrown by splitting the fingers along the seams (a " split-finger fastball").Ĭolloquially, a fastball pitcher "throws heat" or "puts cream on it", among many other variants. A sinking fastball is thrown by gripping it across the narrow part (a " two-seam fastball") so that both the index and middle fingers are along a seam. Although it is impossible for a human to throw a baseball fast enough and with enough backspin for the ball to actually rise, to the batter the pitch seems to rise due to the unexpected lack of natural drop on the pitch.Ī straight pitch is achieved by gripping the ball with the fingers across the wide part of the seam (called a " four-seam fastball") so that both the index and middle fingers are touching two seams perpendicularly. This causes it to fall less rapidly than expected, and sometimes causes an optical illusion often called a rising fastball. Pitchers who throw more slowly can put movement on the ball, or throw it on the outside of home plate where batters can't easily reach it.įastballs are usually thrown with backspin, so that the Magnus effect creates an upward force on the ball. " Power pitchers," such as former American major leaguers Nolan Ryan and Roger Clemens, rely on speed to prevent the ball from being hit, and have thrown fastballs at speeds of 95–105 miles per hour (153–169 km/h) (officially) and up to 108.1 miles per hour (174.0 km/h) (unofficially). The fastball is the most common type of pitch thrown by pitchers in baseball and softball. During pregame bullpen warmup Chris Young warms up with a four-seam fastball. It is available for all major operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Android, and Linux. 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